The Responsible Leader and Manager Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Responsible Leader and Manager - Essay ExampleAs a team, the managers direct the fellowships operations with a focus on satisfying customers and the community and maximising profits. This make-up will explain how they use their personal, interpersonal and societal values to manage the stakeholders, including how they demonstrate their aw atomic number 18ness of fond issues and corporate citizenship responsibilities. Stakeholders The manner in which stakeholders are treated and managed is a crucial component in the tax revenue generation and success of a corporate outfit. It is the managers duty to ensure that stakeholders interests are met for the sake of creating beneficial relationships for affair continuity. Some of the stakeholders of Debenhams are the customers, employees and corporate shareholders. Customers form the core purpose of any business existence. Employees bridge the first step between the companys operations, products and portions, and the customers. Schr oder PLC, in its corporate shareholding capacity, has 202.9 million shares, representing a 16 percent shareholding (Baker 2010). The managers compound their personal values with corporate values to lay strategies to manage the unique needs and interests of each assemblage of stakeholder. Customers The managers at Debenhams understand that their customer base, running into millions, works hard to earn and afford their purchases. They know that whole tone products alone, without personal attention and appreciation, do not represent full value for customers money. They are motivated by the virtue of customer satisfaction to improve their services. They aim to be responsible and active participants in their communities of operation, which are basically made up of their customers. As a corporate entity, the company supports both national and topical anesthetic charities towards the well being of their customers. In a bid to acknowledge their customers choice to do business with them, the managers allot them at the heart of their decision making. In an appreciative gesture that works both for the customers and the company, the customers shopping throw is made more exciting by modernising stores, introduction of new brands and products and a proactive customer service incision. Products are manufactured to meet customers expectations in socially ethical environments and an assurance of quality compliance. The managers display their philanthropic cause by volunteering and fundraising. Reading this gesture as leadership by example, more volunteers and donors are attracted towards the events. In response to the ever increasing customers expectations of a fully fledged multi channel offer, the managers proposed an outsourced customer service department to a professional service provider (Irvine 2008). The outsourced service is committed to allow the customers several shopping options, and the company recorded an increase in sales within four months. This shows th e managers awareness of the requirement to respond to customers queries promptly, professionally and effectively. In another show of valuing customers, the company apologised publicly to a customer who was given wrong prices for dresses at the Newcastle branch. After paying for the dresses following an

Leading Generation X Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leading Generation X - Essay ExampleTransactional leadership does not stimulate extra role behavior, rather it tends to encourage and lift in-role behavior, however with general standards of behavior being eligible for a reward if higher than optimum pass judgment levels. The relationship between a transactional leader and his followers is purely an economic exchange, doing more than what is expected or achieving extraordinary things are not likely to be appreciated (Pillai et al, 1999). Doyle and Smith (no date) in their discussion of untainted leadership theories, have also mentioned the views put forward by Bass (1985) on the potential for existent transactional leadership patterns to be transformed, in order to cater to the more sophisticated demands that are made upon leaders today. The transactional approach may be more relevant in serving the self-interest of employees and may indeed lend itself well to Generation X-ers. (Doyle and Smith, no date7)The traits theory that i s explicated in most detail in the article by Rodriguez, Green and Ree (2003), essentially centers upon the general traits or qualities all leaders were thought to possess, which tell them from their followers. This article also points out the difficulties in application of the Traits theory, since it does not take into account the situation or context within which a leader is required to make decisions. Another drawback with the Traits theory is that the list of qualities enumerated by Gardner (1989) contains a motley mix of traits, such as behavioral traits, skills and abilities, temperament and intellectual abilities. Lastly, the list of traits is fast associated with maleness and the attributes on Gardners list are male as a result females are not viewed as viable leaders (Rosener, 1997). As a result, the traits leadership model may not be appropriate for generation X-ers where there is a large representation of women in

According to Primo Levi's Survival in Auschwitz. How did Auschwitz Essay

According to best Levis Survival in Auschwitz. How did Auschwitz systematically dehumanize the captives - Essay ExampleFirstly, in order to understand the orbit of such a question, it is necessary to consider the very nature of humanity as the prisoners grasped the concept from the set-back of their internment. With respect to the way that the prisoners were transported to the sites, one can clearly see a very obvious partial derivative of bestial contempt. Firstly, the prisoners were separated from their belongings as they were organized and herded just like animals into train cars that were oftentimes in the first place purposed for meat transportation. Once the individuals had arrived at the concentration camp however, the horro of their experience had unfortunately just begun.A pull ahead way that humanity was taken, specifically discussed by Primo Levi, was the manner in which the prisoners were immediately faced with the incident that in order to survive, key elements o f their own interpretations of morality, justice, and good and evil must be adjusted. Although this seems like a small thing, this shift of the understanding of humanity and how prisoners were forced to relate with one another as a function of their captivity worked to redefine the way that these prisoners sketched their own humanity as a function of the special(a) type of life that the inhabitants of these horrible camps had to endure. In other words, mere survival required that the prisoner sanctify all manifestations of justice, purity, selflessness, and kindness that may have typified that approach that they took to life prior to being acquainted with the horrors of Auschwitz (Levi 86).To shit upon this theme of lost humanity, Levi discusses the way in which the harsh conditions of concentration camp life demanded that the individual prisoner focus almost solely on their own survival as an all-encompassing world view and defense mechanism. As discussed previously in this ess ay, this type

Confucius Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Confucius - Essay Examplefill the duties that they are supposed to perform for their families and their parents, notwithstanding where such people are just being dutiful yet having no enjoy, there al iodine will be no difference between feeding their parents and feeding their horses or dogs Confucius, 1355). Thus, respect is what measures the evaluate of a relationship and thus earning it is a great advantage for an one-on-one.Through applying virtue while treating others, respect will be borne, since virtue entails doing what one would expect of others to do to him/her, meaning earning respect out of natural endowment respect to others. The rule of virtue is that what you do not wish for yourself, do not wish for others (Confucius, 1340). Additionally, treating others as one would expect to be treated by them is advantageous, since it will enable an individual to have more(prenominal) friends who surrounds him/her. This is because the hallmark of achievement of an individual is the trustworthiness with which the individual has been serving others. Trustworthiness on the other cash in ones chips cannot be cultivated without there being a redeeming(prenominal) and noble relationship between an individual and those who surround him. Having friends is a major benefit for an individual, because friendship brings delight (Confucius, 1355).Secondly, the benefit that an individual reaps from treating others as one wish they would be treated is that the individual gains contentment. Contentment is derived from the assurance that the others are reciprocating what an individual has done to them, where doing unassailable will always be accompanied by being done good for. Therefore, all that is postulate to derive contentment in life is just loyalty and reciprocity, and thats all (Confucius, 1336). Contentment is the top of an individual doing good and not boasting about his good qualities, and without even calling attention to his good deeds. The additional be nefit that comes with this aspect of treating others as one would expect to be treated buy them

Critically analyse how the government debt problems initially faced by Essay - 4

critically analyse how the government debt riddles initially faced by a few relatively small economies could generalisation such a wide impact in fiscal market places - Essay ExampleThough the occur of exposure of each boorish and each financial market to the financial market of another coarse varies but the fact remains that no country can be considered as isolated in respect of interconnectedness. This particular essay discusses the effect of financial crisis on two particular markets that is derivative market and foreign exchange market. The essay tries to find the possible reasons due which financial crisis started from a particular country with a small economy gradually effects the financial markets globally. In this respect of this analysis both fundamental and identifiable factors argon tried to be identified.Throughout centuries there sustain been several financial crises that have had large scale impact on the overall financial system. Different crisis in contrastive timers have been triggered by different factors. However although there have been various triggering factors for different crisis the impact levels of the crisis have also varied depending on their reach and spread. A few examples of such crisis in the past are Asian crisis, Japan Crisis, Crisis of the Nordic countries. However the financial crisis of the dimensions of European financial crisis is unprecedented. The massive scale of the crisis was caused by two related factors the banking crisis and the crisis of the bond market (Ullah and Ahmed, 2014). The crisis first broke in 2007 when the banks felt uncertain nearly their investments in certain complex financial instruments. They increased interbank modify rates and virtually stopped lending to other banks. This led to serious liquidity problems for the banks in the short run. At that time it was felt that the problem was more specific particular institution and those particular institutions may face default risk. However af ter(prenominal) default of major banks like Lehman Brothers, and risks concerning AIG which in turn took more financial institution with them in their downward(prenominal)

Implications of a Large Country Engaging In Loose Monetary Policy for Essay

Implications of a Large Country Engaging In Loose Monetary Policy for Exchange Rates - Essay ExampleThe report takes into consideration the divergent cases of monetary policies in some of the nations of the world and tries to analyze the policy measures in light of the theories.In whatsoever economy, the monetary policy is implemented on the decision of the Central Bank of the country. On the other hand, the financial policy is implemented by the government of the country. While the implementation of the fiscal policy takes place through the adjustment of the government expenditure, taxes, and the subsidies, the monetary policy takes place through the adjustments of the interest rates. The rates of interest are the main policy tools that the central bank uses for the changes in the policy measures. The monetary policy is based on the liquidity preference theory. The people in a particular economy would be adjusting their spending depending on the rate of interest that is prevail ing in the markets. When the central bank wants to reduce the liquidity in the economy, it would cast up the rate of interests. With the banks paying a higher return on the bonds, people would start parking their money in the banks for the expectation of the higher returns from the bonds. Thus they would spend less in the present period expecting that they would deem more money to spend in the later period. This would lead to a cut in the spending. As a result, the aggregate demand in the economy would decrease. Along with the reduction in the production of the domestic help firms, the country would also start importing less. As a result, there would be a affirmative condition on the trade balance which in turn would bring more foreign money in the economy. As a result of this, the value of the domestic currency would appreciate.

Case Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case - Research story ExampleThe high costs associated with the carrying into action of the Sarbanes-Oxley prompts the clients (companies) to pay lesser fees to the audit firms as they try to mi9nimoize their supply costs. Ethical issues may, therefore, arise.There is a significant variation in the descend of fees paid by general Electric to auditors before and after the implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley. The comparison is therefore between the fees before (2000 and 2002) with those of (2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010). In the limit between 2000 and 2002, all the fees paid by oecumenical Electric to Auditors (in millions), except the financial information systems fees took an up trend. The audit fees increased by $14.8 while the audit-related fees and the tax fees increased by $7.8 and $7.4 respectively (textbooks.com). After the implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley, the figures increased still but not uniformly as before. The audit fees and the audit related fees uprise signif icantly between 2004 and 2008 and then dropped to in 2010. The increment is however not bigger than the change in the tax fees, which were reduced drastically after the implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley.Taking a similar analysis for the mass 100 companies yields even more interesting comparison. There is no significant variation in the amount of fees paid by Fortune 100 companies to auditors before and after the implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley. In the period between 2000 and 2002, all the fees paid by Fortune 100 companies to auditors (in millions), except the financial information systems fees take an upward(a) trend. The audits fees increase by $1.0 while the audit-related fees and the tax fees increased by $1.9 and $3.4 respectively. As in the case General Electric, after the implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley, the figures still increased (amazon.com). The increase here is more uniform and consistent opposed the case of General Electric. The audit fees

The choice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The choice - Essay Example accommodate Summary Distracted is a daybook by Maggie capital of Mississippi who is an author and a journalist. The books credibility is enhanced by the fact that the content is based on information that is backed by adequate research. capital of Mississippi documents her vast travels and describes her meetings and discussions with professionals and researchers in various fields ranging from biological and physical sciences to arts and technology. capital of Mississippis ideas flow coherently in the book and the smooth read is captivating. Some of the topics in the book stand out and catch the contributor by surprise because of their bizarreness. The organization of her thoughts and her ability to summarize them in a way that can be easily downstairsstood hints at her experience as a journalist indicating that individuals live in a virtual, mobile, split way world (129). At the introduction, Jackson expresses her sound judgment that is the motivation for the books content. She believes that society is gradually heading towards a bleak future because of a stagnant culture and society. She believes that society is fast losing its ability to focus because of the nature of contemporary life, and that this pretermit of focus has corroded the ability to be keen and aw atomic number 18. Attention is crucial for parsimoniousness to develop between the members of the society, and this intimacy contributes to cultural development. Jacksons point that the society is headed towards a dark future because of an attention deficit provokes the lecturers thoughts. All the nine chapters of Jacksons book are organized under three major part including lengthening shadows exploring our landscape of distraction, deepening twilight pursuing the narrowing channel and dark Timesor Renaissance of attention. The chapters under the first and second parts of the book are each titled Focus, Judgment and Awareness. In the last part of the book, she rev eals that the titles of the chapters in the first and second parts are the three levels of the attention system. Chapter one of Jacksons book focuses on presenting Jacksons idea on distraction and the role that technology plays in societys attention, or lack of it. The second, third and fourth chapters reveal what Jackson sees as the three main settings that shelter the problems that encourage the keep lack of attention. In chapter five, Jackson highlights privacy issues, with arguments that revolve around how social media like Facebook and surveillance jounce negatively on trust whereby she indicates, we are nurturing a culture of social diffusion (94). Chapter six of the book focuses on the written word concerning interaction with individuals. In chapter seven, Jackson questions the impact of technology on society. She leaves the reader to ponder the thought whether machines are evolving to be more like humans or if humans are evolving to be more like machines. The eighth chapte r addresses the idea of preservation and the challenges it faces. In the ninth and last chapter, Jackson focuses on the duty and importance of attention. It is in this last chapter that Jackson explains the three networks of the attention system as she offers the solution to distraction. One could argue that Jacksons move of dividing the chapters under titles is a forced construction. Jacksons books focus on individuals in United States of America. Despite her sources and facts being from credible sources, a reader outside of the United

Journal Review Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Journal Review - Article ExampleThe identification of these profiles are said to help vocation counselors in assisting their clients in developing career plansThe population consisted of lawyers and computer field men. The samples consisted of 213 executioners aged 20-50 years in the computer software and hardware field, specifically 126 men and 87 women. They were from five computer companies and four hush-hush law firms in the Tel Aviv area. The vast majority were said to report that they belonged to the upper- middle socioeconomic class.The researchers used clop analysis and had identified three groups of individuals who differed systematically on attributions of relative importance to cipher and family roles. The report, however, did not allude abtaboo the exact sample size taken from what could have been the population neither was the response lay reported.The findings reported were that on that point are three distinct groups of participants who differ systematically in their attributions of importance to work and to family roles and in their significant family- and work-related variables. The research also said that incompatible pressures from the work and family domains have predictably distinguishable influences on diverse groups of people characterized by the importance they attribute to life roles.Ad... Additional findings point out that moderate from the spouse and support from the manager was associated with positive influences between the domains. Differences in attribution to work or family were also related to variation in work and family variables such as hours invested in paid work and the receipt of spousal support.The researchers also said that the research demonstrated that the direct of W3F (Work, Work, Work, Family) conflict is higher than the level of F3W (Family, Family, Family, Work) conflict even among dual profile members. The research said that apparently the family domain is more hypersensitised to interference from wor k than is the work domain from the family. Do the sampling procedures used justify the findings of the have The findings whitethorn boast of having used the most sophisticated forms of analysis, but the sampling procedures have to equal such precise care. As earlier mentioned, the report did not mention the exact population size therefore there is no way to size up the sample and the response rate. On account of this, it is now tip over to be debating with the findings and how they were presented.Even then, the study analyzed the responses of married persons only, but it was not explained why. In fact, it had eliminated 29 questionnaires payable to respondents non-married status. What is true, however, is that there are married persons who can be said to enjoy lesser stress because of support in their crustal plate functions, while there are singles who are heavily bound with home chores. Clearly, civil status is not an adequate measure for presence or absence of possible stres s, hence, the study should have explained its preference for married people. It is possible to be non-married and yet be a parent.Utilized by the

Voidable Agreements and Unconscionable Contracts Assignment

voidable Agreements and Unconscionable Contracts - Assignment ExampleThe following summary of a case in a coquet of law shows a voidable agreement containing an unconscionable weightlift. The case in subject involves a mild who purchased a used car from an adult at one hundred and forty dollars. He, the vendee, attempted to restoration the car after noticing that the main bearing system had malfunctions. As a result, the buyer informed the vender on the issue, and asserted that repairing the entire bearing system would cost approximately half the purchasing price. Therefore, the peasant left the car with the seller and mailed a written notification expressing his dissatisfaction hence terminating their contract.As a yield action, the adult seller sued the minor buyer for breaching their agreement. After appraising all essential components of the case, the court passed a ruling in favor of the seller on the basis that the contract was not voidable. The premise provided was tha t the buyers aunt and grandmother not only gave him the money for purchase of the car, but also accompanied him to the venue of transaction. In this first ruling, the seller benefited as a result of misinterpretation of the law on voidable contract.The buyer appealed after losing in the first trial. The court of appeal analyzed the provided evidence and determined the case as a voidable contract. The appellate chamber maintained that the transaction surrounding the contract was between a minor and an adult

Deppression in older adults(community) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Deppression in of season(p) adults(community) - Essay ExampleThis depression is not scarce painful for the person who experiences it, but also for the raft existing in surroundings of this person. Gone is the measure when treatment of this disease was unavailable, now the complete treatment and cure of the disease is accessible throughout the world.many types of depression can affect the health of older adults. This mental unsoundness changes the way the old people used to perceive feelings about their own selves and about their environment. This depression can affect the person in every walk of manners, for minute aspects to the major ones. It induces the negative impacts not only in personal life of the old people but it also influence social, and office lives, as well to a not bad(p) extent. Depression unlike mood disorders is a permanent feeling that just only gets worse if it goes untreated even for the life of the patient. There is no particular theory about the develop ment of depression until now there are certain factors that can maximize the effects of depression. Researchers (Miller, pp. 11-13) showed that depression is a medical illness that is the effect of certain variations and instability in the chemistry of brain, these brain chemical agents known as neurotransmitters do help in regulation and controlling of moods.One of the most significant types of depression that occurs in older adults is the major depressive disorder. Studies have indicated that every one or two person out of the older adults having age of 65 above suffer from major depressive disorder. It may be possible that the older adults have the commencement attack of depression in their youth and then it returns back in the older age with great intensity. There are two major symptoms of this kind of depression one is the distressed moods and feelings for periods as massive as two weeks and the other is the lacking or losing of interest or concern in

Lean implementation in chinese manufacturing SMEs Essay

Lean implementation in Chinese manufacturing SMEs - Essay ExampleI will spend all the holidays and time other than module attendance and other post module assignment project on the research work. Moreover, when my supervisor will not be available then i will try to improve the work already through with(p) as per last meeting with supervisor. The minimum time required to complete the project is 6 months, in which sample selection limitation will persistDespite it being easier to implement cant manufacturing in SMEs, its implementation is quite different from large companies and as such most SMEs usually face approximately obstacles in implementing the method successfully. The main barrier for SMEs is the lack of support and knowledge from top management with realise to the method. In addition, both employees and management tend to have a resistant towards change and new practices, which oppose the implementation of ply management. Most SMEs also have some constraints in resource s, both operational and monetary resources that will help in their path of becoming lean. Another obstacle is the instability in output schedules and cooperation from suppliers in most SMEs that makes it difficult to carry out lean manufacturing practices (Nordin & Deros, 2013).As Womack, Jones & Roos (1990) concluded in their study, lean manufacturing can be implemented by any company anywhere in the world in all industries and it regarded to benefit both small and large organisations regardless of the size factor. Several scholars, which have dealt with the belief of lean management, have stressed that when implementing this method, SMEs should not start with massive financial investment in lean practices but should go slow. One of the proposed framework by Herron and Braiden (2007) pointed out that, SMEs should focus on five staple practices as the stepping stone towards developing lean manufacturing in a company that include quality circle,

Economic Benefits Of Daylight Saving Time Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Economic Benefits Of Daylight livery Time - Essay ExampleDaylight Saving Time also has the added benefit of an extra hour or so of daylight after process hours for people to get house safely and to engage in social and recreational activities. Regardless of what atomic number 53 ensconces to do, whether go home and spend time with the family or go out and spend time with friends, DST go off also allay energy.The combination of these advantages of DST working when there is sunlight, finishing work and safely getting home (or going out with friends) when there is still light, spending time with people one cares about and parsimony energy eon doing so will help the world get out of its economic crisis if DST is increase the whole year round. The reasons are easy to understand.First, finishing work early allows everyone to do many things while there is still light. It is these many things that one cannot do in the dark that has the power to help illuminate the economic crisi s. One can decide to do things on ones own that would save money and increase savings, like clean the car, mow the lawn, or paint the roof. One could also decide to do things to spend money and keep the economy running, like go bowling, visit friends, or give up a beer.As mentioned in several portions of his book Seize the Daylight The Curious and Contentious falsehood of Daylight Saving Time, David Prerau enumerated many proofs of the beneficial economic effects that DST has had on many sectors of the economy, such as candy manufacturers, amusement parks, restaurants and shops, movie houses and theaters, and the sporting goods industry. While there are objections that the cost of air-conditioning warm board and spending on outdoor activities may increase, the overall benefits to the economy were proven by DSTs component part in bringing America out of Depression.

Internet Broadcasting In China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Internet Broadcasting In mainland China - Research Paper guinea pigThe internet broadcasting is also a great influence on the interest of monopoly thus being a factor in the political economy of China. The Chinese people attain extensively relied on the use of the internet to pass reading and share ideas on current issues (Lei, 2011). Chinese people have used the internet broadcasting channel to share ideas on the political and economic state of their country. creation a global power, the internet broadcasting in China also influences the state of world government activity and economy. Internet broadcasting mainly occurs through with(predicate) social media and this makes it a great tool of communication and information flow in China. The Chinese political setup is directly related to the way the country conducts is local and global economic affairs. The government is the supreme organ entitled to control the flow of information relating to economic matters particularly thos e touching on the international community. Local business people are expected to die hard online business in line with the countrys laws and policies that regulate access and sharing information through the mass media. Accessibility of information on the internet has enabled the Chinese citizens to keep track for their countrys state of economy and politics. Such information influences the peoples perception of the government particularly in the manner in which it handles the economy (Sima, 2011). Politics and the economy are closely tied in China and a change in one influences the other.

Poem Explication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Poem Explication - Essay ExampleThe poem is simulate in tierce stanzas structure, having an identical rhyme scheme (ababab cdcdcd efefef). The same basic meter (iambic tetrameter) is maintained passim the poem. The division of stanza in the poem corresponds to the poems meaning in internal structure, within the three stages of his acquaintance with the advancing bird, first from a distance, then next to him and finally, after the encounter. The point of relationship amid the germ and the subject brothel keeper are denotative by the prepositions which, corresponding to the distance between the causation and the bird. Then how, expressing the ladys closeness to him, and finally, whose, conforming to time after the encounter. The lady the writer notices in stanza one possesses ravisher and displays it as she walks along. The timing is in a cloudless night, which gives him the chance to observe the lady without being noticed. Probably, he was imagining on how the ladys beauty matched with the starry skies. Even in the darkness, the author imagined the lady to appear bright and was mesmerized by the brightness of her eyes. Perhaps, the dressing of the lady adorned her by its glittering. The poem is all about beauty which possessed the lady of the night. More everyplace, the author imagined that the lady was surrounded by beauty like an aura. The Lady was not only beautiful physically, hardly the stanza introduces the inner beauty of the lady as she was tender. The second stanza introduces some contrast in darkness and in the light, and that the lady was fair in the dark, but not so fair in the light. The author expresses his sentiments by use of words to aim that her graceful and beauty were nameless, which could be implying that he could not quite point out what made her so graceful. Every raven tress could be something to do with her beautiful hair, which lightens her face. The womans facial expression revealed the sweet serenity of her thoughts. The speaker is deep in imagination that the sweet expression of the lady reflected her state of mind dwelling place. The contrast of the inner thoughts and outer expression is developed over and over as sweetness and pure, which all summed up as valuable and precious close. The smiles and tints (blushes) that glow on the ladys cheek and brow (poetic term for fore head) are silence and serene. This could imply that the woman was quite and elegant, yet her smiles and blushes were eloquent. The writer was strongly attracted by the expressive smiles and blushes. Byron seams to suggest that the smiles expressed all the time that the lady spent on doing good acts. Because the lady was not just middling faced, but was equally kind and good, she managed to appear notably calm with serenity around other masses (all below). Finally the warmth of the lady was innocent, which could mean that she had not fallen in love as yet. It could as well mean that she was in a platonic love. The writer of the poem apply plenty of figurative speech to express the theme of romance. The title of the poem is presents some figurative as the term walks could imply advancement both in space and in time. In other words, the beauty evidenced in the lady was not just for the particular period that the writer noticed her, but it could mean that beauty possessed her. Similarly, by introducing the aspect of light and

BUYING VS. LEASING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BUYING VS. LEASING - analyse ExampleThe cable gondola railway car that has been selected for this discussion is 2015 Accord taphouse LX.Whether to buy a car through the rule of loan financing or nonplusing a car on the basis of lease is dependent on various reasons. One of the reasons that help in deciding whether to buy or lease a car is dependent on how long does an individual wants to use and own the car. If the mortal wants to own a car for a shorter extent of term and aims at changing the car in a limited time period, then the person should opt for obtaining the car on lease. If the person wants to keep the car for a lasting period of time, then the person should obtain it on the basis of a loan. For example, table 1 suggests that if a person wants to keep the car after the lease period is over the total cost of obtaining the car will be $26,712 and this cost will include the residual value as well as the lease throwments that a person will make for 3 years for a 201 5 Accord Sedan LX. On the other hand table 2 suggests that if the person obtains the car on the basis of an auto loan, he has to contribute a total amount of $25,596 and this amount will include the 2.9% APR that a person pays on the Manufacturers suggested retail price. This means that purchasing a 2015 Accord Sedan LX for the long-term on the basis of loan is less expensive as it costs $1,126 less to obtain a car on the basis of a loan instead of obtaining it on lease basis. On the other hand if a person choses to keep the 2015 Accord Sedan LX for a shorter period of time then he/she should opt for the leasing option because the person will only have to pay $15,012 to enjoy the car for 3 years and then he/she can switch to another car. In my opinion, I would obtain 2015 Accord Sedan LX on the basis of a lease as I believe that owning a car for a shorter period of time is better than owning it for a eight-day period of time. Since I want to keep the car for a shorter time period, I would prefer to pay only $15,012

History of the Phantom of the Opera Essay Example for Free

taradiddle of the apparition of the opera house EssayIn 1911, Gaston Leroux published Le Fantme de lOpera, the now famous track record that gave birth to the legend of the specter. Leroux had been fascinated by the mystery and founding of the genus Paris Opera dwelling. As a theatre enthusiast, he had toured tout ensemble the levels of the Opera House including a confabulate to the underground lake, cellar and hidden passageways.The mysterious events at the Paris Opera House which ignited Leroux s interest began with Napoleon IIIs call for a new opera house to be built in Paris in 1860, after he had survived an assassination attempt whizz flush when returning from the Opera. The construction of the Opera House, faced legion(predicate) delays and construction stopped during the Franco Prussian War.After the war, the accordingly unfinished Opera House was occupied by the tameing class who used it as a w arhouse, observation post, communications center, military post and a powder store. The cellar was once used as a torture chamber. The new Paris Opera House was finally finished in 1875. Finally, adding to the mystery, an downtrodden incident occurred in the Paris Opera House in 1896, a counter-weight of six and a half ton chandelier fell from the ceiling, killing a patron.Gaston Leroux always claimed that the ghost in the story was true, base on his investigations and tours of the Opera House. He is quoted as sayingThe Opera ghost solidly existed. He was non, as was long believed, a creature of the imagination of the artists, the superstition of the managers, or the absurd and impressionable brains of the tender ladies of the ballet, their mothers, the box-keepers, the cloak-room attendants, or the concierge. No, he existed in flesh and blood, though he assumed all the outward characteristics of a real phantom, that is to say, of a ghost. (Leroux, G, n.d)In 1925, began the chain of events that would give rise to the phenomenon of the unr eal. Universal Studios made the first film of the book the silent movie, ghost of the Opera, which starred Lon Chaney Snr. A second version of the film, this time with sound and color, starring Claude Raines was produced in 1943. Followed by a Spanish version in 1962, and a 1974 version starring Herbert Lom and Heather Sears.The shade was produced twice on stage in 1935 and 1975, without much success.Then, in 1986, the legend of the Phantom of the Opera would plump one of the some famous stories in the world, when Andrew Lloyd Webers Musical Phantom of the Opera impinge on the stage in London. In the 21 geezerhood since the Musical began, it has broken all theatre records and is now the longest running Broadway Show in History.The success of the musical spurred the movie industries interest again in 2004, with a moderately successful movie called Phantom of the Opera based on Andrew Lloyd Webbers opera. censorious acclaim for the movie has been varied.The Phantom has outliv ed his creator who died in April 1927 and has be pose iconic to the 20th and 21st Century.History of the Hit Musical The Phantom of the Opera Andrew Lloyd Webbers musical The Phantom of the Opera opened in Londons Majesty Theatre on 9 October 1986. In the archetype London Cast, The Phantom was played by Michael Crawford, and Christine by Sarah Brightman ( then wife of Andrew Lloyd Webber).The original creative team of the Phantom wasHarold Prince DirectorCameron mackintosh ProducerAndrew Lloyd Webber Composer, Book, Co-orchestraMaria Bjrnson Production DesignerWhile Andrew Lloyd Webber had already been phenomenally successful with productions like Evita and the levelheaded of Music, The Phantom made stars of the actors and creative team members.The musical is palliate running 21 years by and by (2007) in London, Broadway (N.Y) and touring worldwide. The Phantom has won over 50 awards including 3 Olivier, an Evening Standard Award, 7 Tonys and 3 Outer Critic Circle Awards.At th e time of writing, it is estimated that over 80 million tribe have seen the musical, with total ticket sales of over $3.2 billion.Reviews of the Phantom of the OperaThe Daily Mirrors first review of the Phantom of the Opera in 1986Its fantastic, fabulous and dreamlike Its fantastic, fabulous and phantasmagorical From the eerily flickering lights that greet you outside Her Majestys Theatre to the last, glorious curtain call, Andrew Lloyd Webbers long-awaited new musical, Phantom of the Opera, is a triumph. The special notions are among the most spectacular ever seen in the West End. The music is real bit as memorable as one would expect from the man who wrote Evita, Starlight Express and the rest. But most of all, the verbalise belongs to Sarah Brightman and Michael Crawford, who soar and swoop through their hugely demanding roles like eagles. After all the well-publicised false starts and back-biting, Lloyd Webber has created a musical which deserves to be virtually well into t he beside decade. The story is based closely on the original novel of 1911 unlike most of the Phantom of the Opera films which have been made over the years. Michael Carwfords Phantom hides his monstrously dis supposed face by skulking in the stage caverns and pools deep beneath the Paris opera. His love for music is the save thing which gives his life meaning until he becomes obsessed by Sarah Brightmans Christine a young opera singer whose beauty is matched only by the purity of her utter. He coaches her in secret firearm visiting dreadful catastrophes on anyone who refuses to advance her career. A hanged scene shifter is suddenly hideously dropped on to the stage in the middle of a performance. A vast crystal chandelier crashes on to the interview. As the phantom becomes more fiendish so Christine becomes increasingly amalgamateed in her feelings towards him.A dreadful climax is fast approaching. The eerie sets of the unfolding drama great stages filled with mist and s hining candles are interspersed with all the colour and spectacle of the operas being prepared and presented at the theatre. Despite all the ghost train mental representations the greatest thrills of the build come from Michael Crawford. He not only sings superbly but also captures the torment of the Phantom perfectly. If you only see one evidence this year, make sure it is this one (Blake, J, 1986)In 2002, The Times wroteLong-runnersOne dissolver is obvious Maria Bjrnsons stunning designs. The story, based on Gaston Lerouxs novel, begins on the Paris Operas stage in 1911.The building is dusty and neglected, the stage festooned with great swags of grey fabric. Old theatrical props are being auctioned off. Then, as the auctioneer announces the final lot the operas grand chandelier the dustsheets fall away, the scene seems almost to dissolve and the theatre travels back in time to 1881 forwards our actually eyes. Its a vision of gaudy grandeur gas lamps flicker, red velvet g lows in the light and plaster nymphs and satyrs frolic on pillars. The opera is dogged by misfortunes that are rumoured to be the work of the Phantom, a malevolent figure who haunts the theatre. This sinister creature has become obsessed with Christine Daa, a pretty refrain girl. But only cadaverous Madame Giry, the formidable ballet mistress, knows the terrible secret that lies behind the mask the Phantom wears. The musicals best sequence occurs when the Phantom leads Christine through labyrinthine passages to his lair beyond a hidden lake underneath the building. As their boat glides over the misty water, surrounded by flickering candles, the effect is breathtaking. The problem is that this spectacle takes place early on and nothing afterwards can really compete. Harold Princes attention is slick and Gillian Lynnes choreography effective, but Lloyd Webbers music is often trite and dated. Theres little depth to any of the characters, either, yet the musicals central relationship intrigues. For while Christine is kayo to the Phantoms Beast, she is haunted, not only by the opera ghost, but by the memory of her baseless violinist father. This lends a pleasingly perverse Freudian twist to the erotic tension between the two characters, and the performers John Owen-Jones and Celia Graham make the most of it. Not only are they both excellent singers, they are fine actors too. Graham brings both passion and a childlike neediness to her portrayal of Christine. Owen-Jones uses his rich, powerful voice to great effect, crooning one moment, spitting bitterness the next. But the real star of the show is Bjrnsons work. The fashion designer died earlier this month, aged 53, and if Phantom has stood the test of time, its because of her. It is not the music audiences will remember its the operas chandelier swinging crazily over the stalls, or a masked figure crouched menacingly over a gilded angel. And for those images alone, this show is still worth seeing. (Marlowe, S , 2002)The New York Times revisited the Phantom in 2005 and wrote this review New York Times revisits the Phantom Old and Ghostly but Still a Hoot The paint on the balconies of the Majestic Theater looks chipped and the electronic drum machine sounds like something left field over from a music video from the 1980s. But The Phantom of the Opera really shows its age (17 years and running) when the signature special effect is presented. Musicals have opened and closed in the time it takes that chandelier to lumber to the floor. Looking like one of Ed Woods teetering flying saucers, it crashes to the stage with the force of a obtain cart, the biggest, most extravagant anticlimax in town. Seventeen years later Sandra Joseph and Hugh Panaro are now compete the roles of Christine and the Phantom. Under the fearsome shadow of Hugh Panaro in The Phantom of the Opera.But what do you expect? It was designed during the Reagan administration. For a top-of-the-line chandelier, you will have to wait for the $40 million production of Phantom opening in Las Vegas next spring. But if the technology of the Broadway show seems a bit quaint, the real news is that the rest of the production has bad old gracefully. Judging by sheer invention, emotional punch and onstage talent, the venerable blockbuster still beats out almost all of the whippersnappers contemporaryly on Broadway. Maria Bjornsons flamboyant gothic design and Harold Princes fantastical staging still have the gleam of finely polished professionalism. Led by the current Phantom (there have been 10 after Michael Crawford), Hugh Panaro, an up-and-coming musical theater star who finds the right mix of shock and schmaltz, most of the drop retains the freshness of opening night. That does not mean that Andrew Lloyd Webber haters, a large and very grumpy contingent, will be won over. Sorry, The Music of the Night hasnt substituted. Nor has Charles Harts bumbling lyrics (You have brought me to that moment when dustup r un dry). But for those sentimental souls looking for a popular entertainment to transport them to a baroque, amorous new world with a powerful smoke machine, Phantom, Im happy to report, still delivers the goods. Which is especially impressive, given that not long ago, the musical seemed to be on its last legs. By the fall of 2003, its peers Miss Saigon, Cats and Les Misrables had faded away. just the ticket sales were down and rumors of its demise were common around Broadway. Flash-forward to today crowds are lined up around the corner to see the show, which regularly sells out. Last week, 99 percent of the seats were filled. In January, barring a strike, disaster or nuclear holocaust, Phantom will eclipse Cats as the longest-running show in Broadway history. What happened? For one thing, it received a boost from Joel Schumachers film version of the musical, which opened in December. Even though it wasnt a smash hit, the movie introduced a new audience to the show (as evidenced b y the large result of young girls at the Majestic) and reminded old ones how superior the musical is. In fact, the bombastic film may be the only thing that makes the musical look understated. Mr. Prince, who continues to oversee casting and reportedly checks up on the show every few months, deserves credit for tending to it with care. When the box office dipped, he never panicked and cast a former Backstreet Boy for a short-term boost in sales. Unlike so many long-running shows, Phantom has not resorted to stunt casting. Although dont be surprised if Mr. Panaro, who has been rumored on theater Web sites as the superior to star in Lestat, Elton Johns vampire musical heading to Broadway next season, becomes a household name someday. A young, charismatic actor, he brings a maniacal energy and Grand Guignol charm to the tortured Phantom. In his hands, the show concentrates more on the horror than the romance but only once does he turn to the audience and growl which, considering how scenery chewing this role could be, counts as admirable restraint. Surrounding him is a solid back up cast who deliver disciplined performances free of the lazy flourishes that sneak into a role when an actor becomes world-weary by repetition. As the diva Carlotta, Anne Runolfsson flashes a hundred-watt smile and shows off a richly textured voice in the opening song, Think of Me. Jeff Keller and George Lee Andrews, the only actors with major roles who have been with the company since the beginning, are rattling(a) as the nervous theater managers who made the mistake of buying the Paris Opera House. In 2001, Mr. Prince had them dislodge roles to keep things fresh. Sandra Joseph (who doesnt perform Wednesday evenings or Saturday matinees) is perfectly competent as Christine, although in her scenes with the Phantom she can come off as a bit bland. As her other love interest, Raoul, a terribly underwritten role, Tim Martin Gleason provides a strong voice and a stiff performance. In the romantic songs, ones mind easily wanders to the bitingly bizarre Lloyd Webber parody in Spamalot, which droned on and on until the stars looked tired of their own voices. Then again, the winking and eyebrow-raising in satirical musical comedies like Spamalot and The Producers are part of what makes the proudly melodramatic and unironic Phantom a nice change of pace. The musical may seem as if it is from a different time, but thats not necessarily a bad thing. (Zinoman, J, 2005)Personal ReviewThe Broadway production of The Phantom of the Opera captures your attention right from the start and then you will be you will be drawn into a mysterious world of horror, romance and tragedy.Your pilgrimage keeps you spellbound through resonating songs sung by a handpicked cast, Maria Bjornsons magnificent sets and costumes to both fascinate and frighten you.Gaston Lerouxs gothic novel comes to life through Andrew Lloyds Webbers Phantom. The musical beautifully combines a mixture of genr es, performed through opera, go forth the audience entrapped in a tragic tale of love.Whether you are acquire from fright or floating on Phantoms songs this musical will keep, you entertained, wistful and somewhat disturbed leaving you thoughtful as to who should triumph in the end.New fans and old are still being enraptured by the phenomenon of The Phantom.Works CitedBlake, J, (1986) Its fantastic, fabulous and phantasmagorical, The Daily Mirror U.K. Retrieved 04/18/2007, http//www.thephantomoftheopera.com/poto/news_mediareviews_story.php?id=38Leroux, G. n.d. address Phantom of the Opera semiofficial Site. Retrieved 04/18/2007, http//www.thephantomoftheopera.com/poto/show/the_show_history_filmography.phpMarlowe, S, (2002), Long Runners, The Times, UK. Retrieved 04/18/2007 http//entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/article805339.eceZinoman, J, (2005), New York Times revisits the Phantom Old and Ghostly but Still a Hoot, The New York Times, USA. Retrieved 0 4/18/2007 http//www.thephantomoftheopera.com/poto/news_mediareviews_story.php?id=216BibliographyParis Opera House (n.d.), Music of the 19th Century Paris, Opera. Retrieved 04/18/2007 http//gallery.sjsu.edu/paris/music/opera/opera_house.htmlThe Phantom of the Opera (n.d.), Official Website. Retrieved 04/17/2007, http//www.thephantomoftheopera.com

Hofstede Cultural Difference Critiques Essay Example for Free

Hofstede Cultural Difference Critiques striveArguably, Hofstedes body of work (1980, 1997) represents a pioneering approach of stopping point as a way of comparing multi guinea pig management frameworks. First of all(prenominal), prior to offering any evaluations in regards to McSweeneys criticism (2002a/b), it is crucial to severalise the nature of Hostedes work within the accu ramble sphere of the tillage approach itself.In line of merchandise to the guarantors of the emic approach , whose main concepts t give the axe to discard the equalization and standardization of dimensions in topic cultures comparisons, the pillars of Hofstedes work, which live to the etic approach , argon based on 5 dimensions whereby national differences are then measured. In early(a) words, from the emic standpoint it is also arguable that the etic seek methodology, as aiming to identify equalities among national differences, would risk throwing egress the mar with the bath water .On t he opposite hand, from the emic perspective, dividing the culture into a set of defined scopes stands as the sole(prenominal) way to actually enable investigateers to compare cultures . Having briefly introduced the shortcomings related to both approaches, McSweeneys critiques can presently be narrowed down to a specific scope, which is mainly encompassed with Hofstedes research methodology.Research severityIn light of the importance for any researches to provide clear definitions on the specific research concepts and discern words, the graduation part of this essay will evolve on contextualizing the meaning of culture within Hofstedes work, thus, giving ground to McSweeneys relevant sources of criticism. Geert (1980) has defined culture as the collective programming of the principal distinguishing the members of one group or category of people from an other. McSweeney essentially critiques Hofstedes adoption of nations as inwardness of pagan comparisons, scorning the terr itoriality uniqueness of culture in primis.In regards to this issue, Hofstede in a second stage (2002 1356) acknowledges that nations are non the ideal elements for studying cultures, yet this is the only way researchers could realize access to comparable units. Predictably, thousands of other authors contributions in regards to the definition of culture would make this argument even more complex. For the rice beer of this analysis, emphasis would be given to the arguments in regards to the research methodology. Research Reliability Research Sample The first criticism which may arise is likely to involve the representativeness of Hofstedes research examine.In more details, he argues that 117,000 mindnaires for two surveys, c every postal serviceing 66 countries would be enough to ensure the research reliability. From my point of view, McSweeneys critiques expiration founded when analysing the sampling framework in more details. CountryNumber of Respondents for Each Country Belg ium, France, Great Britain, Ger close to(prenominal), Japan and Sweden (6 countries)More than 1000 Chile, Columbia, Greece, Hong Kong, Iran, Ireland, Israel, recent Zealand, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Singapore, mainland China, Thailand and Turkey (15 countries)Less than 200 Tab. 1 As it can be seen by the table (Tab. ), in 15 countries the sample size is composed by less than 200 respondents, which results to be extremely small compared to other countries with over 1000 respondents. To couple this argument, McSweeney discusses about the narrowness of the population surveyed as respondents were all IBM employees, mainly involved with the market and sales departments. Hofstedes reply (2002), stating that this samples framework had only been utilize in bon ton to isolate the national culture differences from both the organizational and occupational culture, seems however to give rise to other arguments.As McSweeneys (2002a 95-99) argues, respondents cultural framework is made u p by three non-interacting and durable levels of culture (Tab. 2). At the first level, the assumptions which would free this model from any shortcomings would be that there is only one IBM culture and that there is also a common worldwide occupational culture for each job (Hofstede 1980a 181). What are these assumptions based on? harmonize to McSweeney (2002a 96), these assumptions are too crude and implausible to underpin Hofstedes stressed empirical claims .Following the thread of his argument we come crossways a situation where assuming that an IBM employee, whether in a developed USA head office or a new opened branch office in Pakistan, will possess the same identical organizational and occupational culture does get down hard to encompass. In response to this argument, Hofstede acknowledges that considerable differences exist at the organizational level (1991 93), yet it redefines the entire organizational culture as a mere set of shared perceptions of daily practices (1991 182-3), therefore distancing from the early-stage value-based definition.According to McSweeney (2002b), this is only a failed attempt to deliver a straightforward concept and definition of organizational culture. can to Culture Hofstedes mass of culture is often linked to two different concepts, unique national tendency and central tendency, respectively. In the first case, as pointed out by McSweeney, the national uniformity which Hofstede claims to reserve found, results to have no valid grounds as it derives from a very specific micro-level (IBM).Secondly, in regards to the claimed fair tendency, the heterogeneity of questionnaires responses offly contradicts this conceptualization at the first place. As cited from Jacob (2005), if exceptions to the rule are as legion(predicate) as the rule itself to what extent could predictions based on that rule be reliable? In many countries, McSweeney argues, the typical IBM employee would at a high extent diverge from the general po pulation.That is to say that an IBM employee in Taiwan would not necessarily reflect Taiwans population average individual, especially when we are public lecture about both(prenominal)one who holds a managerial position in a multinational firm. This concept brings us to another aspect of McSweeneys criticism (2002a92), culture treated as a mere epiphenomenon, completely casual, as conceptualized by Hofstede, it would look like something which moves along the history enduring, yet it is not subject to radical changes due to fluctuating social, economic and institutional trends (Tab. 3). Questionnaire and DimensionsArguably, the questionnaire itself also presents some limitations. Firstly aimed to inquire the employees morale at IBM, it also resulted to reflect some set that, for Hofstede, could have been used to unveil the national cultural differences myth. Citing one of his research questions, How long do you think you will continue working for this accompany? (1980 Appendix 1) , it is obviously clear there would be differences in whether this question is being asked in a country, say, the USA, with plentiful employment vacancies, or in a country, say Thailand where at the time of the research the unemployment rate was comparatively high.Under these circumstances, it is extremely hard to assume that the respondents were not curved by other social, political and institutional factors (See Tab. 3). Therefore, his researchs entire reliability could be easily questioned on this basis. Despite ensuring the confidentiality of respondents answers, employees foreknowledge of the end objective of the survey might have easily encouraged them to assume a more tyrannical attitude in order to support their divisions reputation.Arguably, the responses analysed by Hofstede were situationally restricted (McSweeney, 2002a 107). In more details, the questions only reflected values related to the workplace, furthermore the surveys were exclusively directed within the work place and were not tested in non-work place locations for both same respondents and others. In light of the first purpose of the questionnaire, it is spontaneous to raise a question in regards to the validity of the dimensions found by Hofstede.Could it be possible that a specialized study in cultural differences would have delineated different dimensions? In his response, Hofstede acknowledged that, although there may be some other dimensions equally important for the structuring of a comparative cultural analysis, relative questions were simply not asked. McSweeney with rootage to Triadis (1994) argues that bi-polar dimensions of national cultures should not be comprised of opposite poles (for example Individualism Collectivism), but depending on the situations they could coexist.Under these principles, the work of Schwartz (1992) appears to give a comparatively dynamic dimensions disposition. History and Research Validations In the last section of his book, Hofstede (1980 326- 331) includes some historical and contemporary events which he states would validate his research findings. However, McSweeney (2002b) argues that these stories reveal nothing but justifications, leaving out the basics for an accurate confirmation.According to his analysis, Hosfstedes assertion, the more masculine a culture the more averse(p) are industrial relations, is flawed as the trends for working days lost in industrial disputes , in both Spain and the UK, result to vary enormously over time. In other words, we could argue that these fluctuations are highly influenced by political, economic and institutional changes. In the case of industrial relations disputes in Spain, after the conclusion of Spanish dictator Franco in 1975, the level of working days was subject to a huge increase.Hofstedes findings have also been validated by other studies, reflecting the same national cultural differences . This is one of the reasons wherefore Hofstedes work has so far been used in man y disciplines as pioneer of the cultural approach in the sphere of comparative international management. Under these circumstances, as Hofstede states (2002 p. 1358), it is just not all about faith in his research, but it is the willingness of the society to accept his work as something which could be pipn to a step further.In some cases, institutional factors, history, politics and economy do provide divulge explanations in this field, yet as Hofstede would argue, the cultural perspective does have his validity as it offers a complete different view on values embedded by people which do have an influence on their daily lives. Conclusion Arguably, some of Hofstede research frameworks features, especially the ones related to his research methodology, do present various shortcomings. However, the overall importance of cultural approach for national differences should be seen as undeniable (Koen, 2005).Nevertheless, it is worth pointing out that after all, the main argument merely e volves on Hofstedes claims to have uncovered the secrets of entire national cultures (1980b 44). Despite his book title narrowing the scope of its findings down to the work-place, Cultures Consequences International Differences in Work-Place Values, Hofstede, in many of his publications, seems to overestimate his findings. It is extremely important to acknowledge and give notice the enormous contribution that Hofstede has made to the entire societys understanding of international cultural differences.On the other hand, it is also crucial to stay away from the taken for granted approach when coming across such a complex topic. As mentioned in the preface, etic and emic approach despite having a different vision on how to measure and analyse culture, they could still be seen as two complementarities which could be extensively used for a more thorough research. In addition, although admitting that limitations in research methodology do hamper the objectivity of findings, the etic appr oach still stands as the unique way to allow researchers to obtain comparable quantitative data.I do also appreciate the contributions made by McSweeney, whose criticisms have enabled me to adopt a more scathing line of thought in analysing this interesting topic. At some extent we could assume that Hofstedes research is still a work in progress, eventually other advocates of the etic approach will take it to a more universal level, as some of other authors in this field have already done. I would like to conclude this essay with a quote from McSweeney (2002a 90), when he states that Hofstedes work could be dismissed as a misguided attempt to measure the unmeasurable .

Interest in Rainwater Essay Example for Free

entertain in Rainwater EssayThe denomination entitled Interest in Rainwater Harvesting Grows in Colorado written by Paul Day was about a proposal of Brad Lancaster, a rainfall virtuoso and initiator. His entire idea according to the news was that he wanted to use the rainwater for needs of the nation and environment just like in Arizona and New Mexico. But the executive Director of Colorado Waterwise, Paul Lander, prohibited his willingness to pursue this project because according to him it might result in breaking the rights of the people to that water. Lancaster insisted and he even showed two concrete project proposals for this. First, it would legalize the conception in countrysides that were not served by municipal water supplies. Lastly, it would instruct for conducting projects to study whether rainwater harvesting can be used without harming water rights. It interests me a lot because if were going to use the water from the sky in some ways, we can get lot of benefits out of it. I consider this as a biologic supply because it discusses the ruin put to work.This is very important because this is an exact example of learning how to utilize the nature for our advantage. The step of scientific process a. The usage of the rainwater purposefully though Colorado water law forbids it? b. different places like Arizona and New Mexico can do it, why cant we. c. They show the proposals exploitation diagrams of storage tanks for collecting rainwater that runs off the rooftops home homes and businesses. d. The people who witness the presentation of the project accord that we can get a lot out of it.Scientific Terms rainwater water that comes defecate the sky project proposals the entire prey or plan of the project and the things that they wanted to do precipitation process the continuous cycle of water Does Diabetes Make the Mind Go to Pieces written by bloody shame Brophy Marcus is the second article. It imparted us about the risk of having Alzh eimers disease and the effects of it are as follows a. to a greater extent prone to cognitive decline b.the minds ability to evaluate problems and the speed of processing teaching might suffer because of high rate of insulin or abnormal blood glucose. The experimentation by the researchers from the University of Alberta in Canada verified the people with diabetes and non diabetic were prone to mental decline according to the American Psychological Associations January issue of Neuropsychology only when the executive function complex, analytical thinking and speed processing were directed to the diabetic ones.In the journal Neuron published in December found out that if the brain didnt get enough sugar it produced Alzheimers plaques but improving the brains blood flow might interrupt or cured Alzheimers according to Robert Vassar, a professor of cell and molecular biology at Northwestern Universitys Feinberg School of Medicine and he recommended that doing some exercise, minimi zing cholesterol intake and winning care of the hypertension could help a lot.On the contrary, according to Nir Barzilai, director of the Institute for Aging query at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York that insulin worked in the nerves that went to the liver and it declared term of enlistment glucose production and healed diabetes but not in the blood. I found it fascinating because it conveyed awareness on how to take good care of our body. I considered this biological issue because it dealt with the health of an individual. The steps of the scientific process a Treating Alzheimers disease? b. the insulin is a great help c.they observe people with diabetes and non diabetic individuals d. proper(a) maintenance of insulin/glucose in our body and the habitual exercise and taking care of the body will prevent diseases. Scientific Terms glucose a crystalline sugar insulin secreted by islets of Langerhans for carbohydrates metabolism and glucose jurisprudence in the blood and produced diabetes mellitus when insufficient. Alzheimers disease progressive memory loss, impaired thinking, and changes in mood. The last article entitled The Big Green Giveaway by Tony Milney wanted to share about Mr.Milibands willingess to unbosom the planet and our benefit out of it. The objective of putting up the household carbon emissions close to zero(a) by 2050, the government decided to plan an environmental makeover. Establishing ground or air-source heat pumps, solar heating, unbendable wall insulation, or to join a community heating scheme are the suggested ways to diminish the average ? 300 a year of the wasted free elan vital that needed an action or prevention. base from the principles of this proposal, all the privileges were given to the homeowners to be able to fulfill the energy saving measures in our home.Not scarcely this, but also the 90,000 solar water-heating systems in Britain. An some other offer was the installation wind turbines, wood- pellet stoves, ground-source heat pumps and other eco kit by the Energy Saving Trust. And it even mentioned here the different gadgets used to save energy at home. This article caught my attention because it gave us information and ideas on how to save energy and at the similar having advantage of it. I considered this as a biological issue because it discussed the environment that we had and the energy that we consumed.It is important because it helped the people saved energy without damaging the ecosystem. The steps of the scientific process a. How can we avoid wasted energy? b. the misused of the energy and environment can cause this kind of problem c. they mentioned the different ways on how to save energy and the invented gadgets that could be of great help to the people d. there will be no wasted energy if the people would learn how to save energy wisely. Scientific Terms energy dynamical exertion of power carbon a nonmetallic primarily tetravalent element found primordia l gadgets an often small automatic or electronic device with a sensible use but often thought of as a novelty.Works CitedDay, Paul. Interest in Rainwater Harvesting Grows in Colorado. CBS4Denver. com (Feb 12, 2009) http//cbs4denver. com/local/Rainwater. Harvesting. illegal. 2. 934360. html Marcus, Mary Brophy. Does Diabetes Make the Mind Go to Pieces? USA TODAY (Jan. 28, 2009) http//www. usatoday. com/news/health/2009-01-28-diabetes-alzheimers_n. htm Milne, Tony The Big Green Giveaway. The Sunday Times (February 15, 2009) http//www. timesonline. co. uk/tol/news/environment/article5732920. ece

Rubicam’s Business College Essay Example for Free

Rubicams Business College tryLAURA At home my prized possession was my glass menagerie. she smiles faintly at the memory My favourite was the unicorn. How of all time it broke. I brought the bird of Minerva here with me. The other part is with a man. BLANCHE she raises her hands in exasperation Hah Men Terrible, hulking brutes most of them are. particularly those Polacks. What was it Wilde said? Women are a decorative sex If I am to have any bechance of happiness I must be innocent, attractive and, most of all, youthful S swingy polka music commode be heard in the distance. LAURA Funny, that sounds like what my mother used to say Girls are a beautiful trap Screen Image Amanda Wingfield BLANCHE she has a distant look in her eyes as she contemplates the dissimilar men that have become part of her past Yes dear, they are. And dont you forget it when youve still got time. This man who has the unicorn is he your husband? Boyfriend? LAURA getting progressively quieter In high school Jim was the only one that ever utter to me. Then he turned up at the house and he he kissed me.Of course, he neer really liked a cripple like me. He was engaged fighting back tears. Screen allegory the day at the amusement park BLANCHE Typical I too have had my fair divvy up of shocking dates. In New Orleans I met a gentleman named Mitch. she begins to talk quickly, as if she were addressing herself I accompanied him to the amusement park on Lake Pontchartrain, a rather dismal place more accommodate to easily-amused children. However, this was my first date with a gentleman since since forever I could absolutely not afford to reparation this one up.giggly pause I was as giddy as a schoolgirl courting behind the bicycle chanty not that I would have engaged in such activity, absolutely not although I idolatry dear Mitch saw through my facade. I did try. I tried so very hard. I correct pretended I was pleased with that ghastly plaster statuette of Mae West. The erog enous nature of her films draws up memories of a past I wish to forget the polka music increases in volume and tempo. LAURA not following Oh, I bet BLANCHE Every time I look at a man all I give notice think of is my dear AllenI ended up telling Mitch about my past, my marriage, when I was just a girl. It was as if Mitch crashed through the invisible barrier I strived for so long to erect. It just tumbled out They were language I had desired to tell someone for so long. They had been entombed inside of me for so long it was as if they had departed stale, distasteful even Even as he embraced me all I could envisage was Allans heroical touch she dramatically outstretches her arms towards an invisible point Oh Allan, forgive me In her fervour BLANCHE knocks over the ketchup bottle, its crimson viscera spilling onto her lap.She frantically dabs at it with a serviette, but to no avail. Her white dress has been permanently tarnished, the bloody riddle of the condiment combining wit h the once wholesome dress. BLANCHE returning to reality with a jolt Would you look at that mess What result ever become of us? LAURA visibly shaken, but speaking with determination We cant let little things like this revile our lives When I get discharged Ill go back to Rubicams Business College. Yes, I will BLANCHE she clutches LAURA by the shoulders You can say that, youre still youngWhat hope is there for an centenarian maid like me? The polka music and The Glass Menagerie combine austerely in the minds of the patients. An demonic union, two entities that never should have met. LAURA jumping up from her chair, repulsed at being touched I-I think Im do here in her haste to vacate the table she knocks her plate to the floor, where it duly shatters into countless pieces that dance across the floor. The light reflects off the porcelain pieces, framing LAURA in an impromptu spotlight. The breaking noise is audible over the tumultuous nail of the room.Many diners turn to look at the spectacle. LAURA in a tone of utter despair, covering her face with her hands No Stop staring Im going to be sick Exit LAURA, who runs away from the scene. The cafeteria soon returns to its inwrought state, having forgotten that Laura Wingfield ever existed. BLANCHE Shakespeare got it right Alas, I am a woman friendless, hopeless There is really no hope for some people in this world the sound of the door slamming behind Laura as she flees is audible as the light gradually fades out.

Holy Spirit Essay Example for Free

dedicated Spirit Essay dauby shame Magdalene along with some new(prenominal) wo workforce visited the grave accent of rescuer on Easter Sunday morning to apply fresh spices to the body of saviour who was crucified on Friday. The agony and pain carried by bloody shame Magdalene for the Naz atomic number 18ne has read to visit rescuer betimes before the solarize swot up. As a matter of position, for all told believers of Christianity, this moment of bloody shame Magdalene witnessing an empty tomb the absence of rescuer physical body provides a strength to the credit of believers with the event that bloody shame Magdalene carried the heart and soul of resurrection of rescuer counterbalance to the disciples and to the entire worldly concern. On the other side, if bloody shame Magdalene would not visit the tomb of rescuer on Easter Sunday morning, how the world would view the death and resurrection of messiah, and how the credo and missioner work of saviour w ould be carried on, such as these interviews would arise whereas by witnessing an empty tomb, bloody shame Magdalene has brought a message to the world that rescuer has move up from the dead. This amazing event and for this purpose, rescuer may claim chosen bloody shame Magdalene in spite of the fact that, deliverer had 12 ardent and buckram followers as disciples who knew and witnessed the Lords miracle work and missionary work.In monotonicthew 281-2 angels declare that messiah has risen and deliveryman cannot be lay d experience among the dead and this message was first disclosed to women who visited the tomb. In Mark 164-5 it was give tongue to that stone on the tomb was rolled away, and an angel was seated in side the tomb to tell that messiah has risen from the dead and this resurrection message must be carried to all. Among all women who visited the tomb of deliverer, bloody shame Magdalene was the first to picture savior later the resurrection and withal as the first person to disclose the message of resurrection of Jesus to the disciples of Jesus.The life of bloody shame Magdalene was one part, wherein on several occasions, was pointed out as a rich woman who led a luxurious and lavish life, who lived a family life along with brother Lazarus and sister Martha, and who possessed demons and was also viewed by good deal as a sinner. The second part of bloody shame Magdalene life began with the association of Jesus gospel work , and there was a great transformation and change in the life of life of bloody shame Magdalene.bloody shame witnessed the life of brother Lazarus which was brought back by Jesus, Jesus participation with Pharisees and Sadducees along with disciples in bed cover and how Jesus motivated and pr separatelyed the teachings. bloody shame Magdalene was express on several occasions with Jesus which provide an intellectual that bloody shame Magdalene after choosing to follow Jesus did not go back to the old life and rem ained with Jesus until the resurrection and Jesus trustworthy the presence of Mary Magdalene every where.Many scholars also state that Mary Magdalene was the trump female disciple of Jesus and men disciples disliked this fact. Jesus did not permit Mary Magdalene to oppose Jesus, after the resurrection, and this is quite an notable as noli me tangere which means Dont touch me, for I have not ascended to my father as stated in St. legerdemain 2017. Just after this episode, a week later Jesus visits doubting Thomas along with other disciples and asks to touch Jesus detainment and side as stated in John 2024-28.With the above facts, it is a very strong and evidential fact that Mary Magdalene was the closest disciple of Jesus who maintained well tuned relation with Jesus in all respects and Jesus did not deny this. Mary Magdalene life after Jesus is another interesting point of view as Jesus and Mary Magdalene were lead to the contain and ancestry of The consecrated grail and it is also interesting to channel note how this has been achieved. 2. Gospels of New volition near Mary Magdalene All the four gospels of New Testament speak about Mary as Mary Magdalene.It can be stated here that if Jesus showed much appreciation for Peter among men disciples Mary Magdalene was the approximately appreciative among women disciples of Jesus and Peter disliked this and as per Gospel of Thomas, Peter on several occasions asked Mary to leave Jesus and disciples and also stated that for women are not meritable of life (Bart D. Ehrman, Peter, Paul, and Mary Magdalene, page. 254). there is also a question whether it was Mary Magdalene who lay the giveation for the birth of Christianity, and that Mary was the first apostle of Jesus who lead to the church movement.Mary Magdalene was cured from seven demons when Jesus was travel from one place to another preaching the good news about kingdom of god. (Luke 81-3) This was the first inspiration that has drawn Mary towards Jesus. In the second instance, during agony Mark 1540 along with other women viz. , Mary the bring forth of James, Joses and Salome, Mary Magdalene was also present for visiting the tomb of Jesus. again in sweep uph 2756 Mary Magdalene with other women Mary the begin of James and Joseph, and the mother of sons of Zebedee.In John 1925 Mary Magdalene was standing at the cross along with Mary the mother of Jesus, mothers sister and Mary the married woman of Clopas. after(prenominal) the crucifixion of Jesus, Mark 1547 states that Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses were looking where Jesus was laid. Matt 2761 states that Mary Magdalene and other Mary were sitting opposite the sepulcher. Mat 281 states that after the Sabbath, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary came to look at the grave. Mark 161 states that after the Sabbath, Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James and Salome brought spices to anoint the body of Jesus.On the occasion of resurrection of Jesus, it is stated in John 201, Marg Magdalene came to the tomb on the first day of the week and it was still dark and Mary Magdalene byword that the stone was already taken from the tomb. Mark 169 states that Jesus after the resurrection, the first day of the week, first appeared to Mary Magdalene from whom Jesus casted out seven demons. In John 2018, Mary Magdalene announced to the disciples as I have seen the Lord. Luke 24 states that women took the spices and went to the tomb of Jesus on the first day of the week and found that the stone was rolled away from the tomb.Women when entered the tomb, did not find the body of Lord Jesus and saw deuce men in dazzling garments who said wherefore do you seek the living among the dead? He is not here, but he has been raised. Remember what he said to you spell he was still in Galilee, that the Son of Man must be handed over to sinners and be crucified, and rise on the tercet day. Immediately women among whom was Mary Magdalene was present along with Joa nna, and Mary the mother of James and others who visited disciples and unfolded the message of resurrection of Jesus.This fact was first not accepted by disciples who did not believe the fact that Jesus would definitely rise from the dead on the third day after the crucifixion. This discussion clearly indicates that the presence of Mary Magdalene is unremitting from the time of crucifixion, during the burial of Jesus and most importantly the resurrection of Jesus. In all the three phases of Jesus crucifixion and resurrection Mary Magdalene was persistent and faithful to meet Lord Jesus Christ.This powerfully communicates that Mary Magdalene was truly the first apostle of women who longed for the presence of Jesus and did not look back to the old life which was filled with luxuries and riches whereas Mary Magdalene was pursuing Jesus taking note of every good news of gospel work performed by Jesus. 3. Character analysis of Mary Magdalene Some people identify Mary Magdalene as sinner who anointed Jesus feet in the home of Simon, the Pharisee as stated in St. Luke 736-50 whereas there is no concrete distinguish for this.Mary Magdalene is portrayed as an ardent follower of Jesus as it is revealed in the scriptures of New Testament in several places of gospels which describe about the association of Mary Magdalene with Jesus viz. , St. Mat 2756, 61 281, Mark 1540,47. 161-19 82, 2410, John 1925, 201-18. Magdala means tower or castle is a prosperous town on the brink of Galilee, three miles away from Capernaum, wherein there are galore(postnominal) dye work factories and Mary is from this city which is why Mary is called as Mary Magdalene.The perfume/oil Mary uses to anoint the feet of Jesus was very overpriced to an amount of $ 17,000 worth which was approximate wage of 300 days ($7 per hour x 8hrs per day) which strongly confirm the fact that Mary had great respect for Jesus and the fact that Jesus could forgive the sins of Mary Magdalene. Jesus clearly unders tood this fact and developed deep sympathy for Mary Magdalene and condemns the words of disciples against Mary Magdalene. St. Mark 143-9, St. Mat 266-13.The Gospel of John also identifies Mary Magdalene is also place as a sister of Martha and Lazarus who was raised from the dead John 111-44 and the fact that Mary was at the feet of Jesus when a dinner was arranged in Martha and Marys home and did not take part in the domestic help for Martha. Mary as Magdalene is first introduced in St. Luke 82, and Jesus had driven seven demons out of Mary, who is called Magdalene as stated in St. Luke. As per New Testament, Mary Magdalene presence is quite evident at the time of crucifixion and after the resurrection of Jesus.In fact, Mary Magdalene was the first person to meet visit after the resurrection of Jesus. Luke 2327 says a large number of people followed him, including women mourned and wailed for him. Mat 2755 She was there at the cross . It gives an understanding to the people that Mary Magdalene after meeting Jesus, never looked back to the old way of life, and continued to life with immortal. Mary was faithful, steadfast and strong follower of Jesus until crucifixion and after the resurrection of Jesus.At the time when Jesus was carrying cross to the calvary Mary was present among those women who wept for Jesus and also as a witness for the death of Jesus on the cross as stated in Mark 1540, Luk 2348 and John 1925. Particularly, when Jesus body was jailed in linen c laphes and was kept in tomb as per Jewish customs, Mary Magdalene misss lot of amount for purchase of dry spices and liquid spices as stated in Mar 161 to be applied for the body of Jesus on the Sabbath day.Mary visits the tomb early before the sun rise and finds that the body of Jesus was not present in the tomb, and talks to two angels who question Woman, why are you crying? John 2013 and Mary answered They have taken my Lord away, and I dont know where they have put him. The message of Je sus resurrection was first unfolded to the world by Mary Magdalene and Jesus first spoke to Mary Magdalene after the resurrection by saying Greetings (Mat 289) and Mary proclaims this message to the disciples as I have seen the Lord John 2018. 4. sanctum grailThe beatified Grail is a cup which was used by Jesus Christ at the time of decease Supper to drink wine and this was the same cup used by Joseph of Arimethea (12th Century) to hold the blood of Jesus while on the cross. The term grail is derived from Latin word gradale which means a dish brought to the table in various stages during the course of a meal. correspond to the Christian mythology, the beatified Grail is deemed to be possessed with tremendous powers and Joseph dArimathie late 12th century passed consecrated Grail to Great Britain. The description of sacred Grail is 17cm high, in the form of a cup having a body and a base.The cup finely mould and carries 28 pea-sized pearls, two balaxes and two emeralds. An in scription is also ingraved on the back which was first read and publicize by the archaelogist Antonio Beltran. According to some documents, the blessed Grail stood at Saint Juan de la Pena Monastery at to the lowest degree in 1399 and in the same year, King Martin brought it to the chapel of Royal Palace at the Alfajeria in Zaragoa. After the death of King Martin, in September 1410, it was taken as a property of Barcelona. In 1424, The Holy Grail was transferred to Valencia Royal Palace and in 1437 Dan Juan, King of Navarran presented Holy Grail to Valencia Cathedral.From here, Holy Grail was travel to Alicante and to the towns of Ibiza and Palma de Mallorca. As on today, The Holy Grail is preserved in Valencia Cathedral. The Holy Grail was first observe in The stopping point Supper, the painting by Leonardo Da Vinci who painted Last Supper on the debate for church community and there are questions whether the Holy Grail or the Holy cup was present in the painting. Leonardo dr awn the sketch of painting from the Gospels as stated and there were many hypotheses to declare Holy Grail as a literary invention and also to decide whether it is a cup?, platter, stone or religuary. Many other writers also claim the Holy Grail as a fictitious device and there are many arguments about this. In Mat 2627 it is stated And he took the cup, and gave thanks, and gave it to them, saying, Drink ye all of it and a similar verse in ingeminate in all other gospels, which indicates that in the Passover feast, Jesus did use cup which later took the form as The Holy Grail predicted to be used by Joseph Arimathea and Mary Magdalene. This vessel used by Jesus is presumed to be the Holy Eucharist as described in the Synoptic Gospels of the New Testament.There are also other arguments that Mary Magdalene, travelled along with brother Lazarus and Joseph Arimathea and brought the Holy Grail to the semivowel of France. Further there are arguments whether in the Last Supper painting, Mary Magdalene was present amidst of Jesus and disciples and to this Dan Browns Da Vinci Code states that the person sitting next to Jesus in the Last Supper was not Mary Magdalene and it was John, the disciple of Jesus. present John appears as a woman in the painting made by Leonardo and it depicts the art work and the imagination in that era.The Holy Grail is the preserver of Jesus missionary work and the service delivered by Jesus to the human beingity. The comparison of the sacred vessel or Holy Grail with Mary Magdalene is made here that both the sacred vessel and Mary Magdalene had the presence of Jesus who performed individual jobs in the missionary work of Jesus while on earth. Sacred vessel indicates that Jesus did go into in the Last Supper along with disciples before the crucifixion and Mary Magdalene represents as the first woman apostle who lead to the movement of christian church.5. Analysis from sr. Testament about the word Rabbi In the gospel of John 2013, Mary Magdalene says They have taken away my Lord, and I know not where they have laid him. Even in spite of the fact that Jesus stood by the side, Mary Magdalene did not recognize and mistakes Jesus for a gardener and says Sir, if thou have borne him hence, tell me where thou hast laid him, and I will take him away (John 2015) In John 2016 Jesus says Mary and immediately Magdalene recognizes Jesus and says Rabbouni which means teacher.In John 138 Then Jesus turned and saw them following, and said unto them, What seek ye? They said unto him, Rabbi, (which is to say, being interpreted, Master) The original language of Old Testament is Hebrew and Rabbis are fluent in Hebrew. Jesus was a Jewish Rabbi. Teachers of Jesus were Jewish Rabbis and the main book Jesus studied was the Bible the Old Testament. Hebrew language is considered to be a holy language and God when created the universe, God used Hebrew Alphabets and each of these garner have a shape and a excess meaning.In Hebrew languag e the Old Testament is called as Torah which means law. Therefore Rabbis check to Old Testament are the teachers of law and Jesus was a descendant from Jewish community and was also combat-ready in the teaching and preaching about the kingdom of God and also about the laws of social issues as well political issues. In this manner, Mary Magdalene addressed Jesus as Rabbi calling Jesus as teacher. This clearly states that Mary Magdalene learnt many facts about spiritual living and how the kingdom of God should be in force(p) on earth.6. Dan Brown Da Vinci Code Dan Browns Da Vinci Code states that Mary Magdalene was the Holy Grail, as the vessel that carried Sangreal (Holy Grail in the Medieval cut). The French word for blood is sang, which indicates a fact that Mary Magdalene was carrying the royal blood or the holy blood of Jesus as stated in the books Holy Blood, Holy Grail and The Da Vinci Code. As per this source, Dan Brown in the novel, depicts a fact that Mary Magdalene with at least one child secretly trying to enter France and seeking a condom in Jewish community.According to this fiction, Jesus and Marys child called Sarah, is presumed to be an ancestress for Merovingian royals. At this tip of 12th century, the popularity of Mary Magdalene was placed at greater heights and it was also one of the darkest period of civilization. It is stated that the wedding of Cana took place between Jesus and Mary Magdalene and mother of Jesus who was present instructed all the servants to carryout the instructions of Jesus when there was not enough wine.In the Jewish custom, bachelorhood was not acceptable and matrimony was honored. In Matt 194-5 it is stated Have ye not read, that he which made them at the ancestor made them male and female, and said for this cause shall a man leave father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife and they twain shall be one flesh. In weddings, mostly it is mother of bride or groom spend time and organize in the matters of foo d and drink and take interest to see that guests are satisfied.In the wedding of Cana, Mary the mother of Jesus was worried about the arrangements made at the wedding in spite of the fact being a guest as stated in John 23-10. There are many questions for a common man understanding whether was this acceptable to Mary Magdalene and whether disciples accepted this arrangement. This is one part of an argument whether did Jesus truly part of this fiction or was this a fact? And there is no end for such as these doubts who worship Jesus as Lord and saviour of the world.Some writers have truly suggested that the wedding at Cana was none other than Mary Magdalenes own wedding with Jesus who was present with disciples. (Meera Lester, Mary Magdalene, page. 38) Another argument is that whether Mary Magadalene was present in Last Supper along with Jesus. The Da Vinci Code believes that Mary Magdalene was present in Last Supper and the novelists asks the readers to look for V created by the po sitions of disciples to the right of Jesus. The letter V stands for Sacred Feminine. The symbol of hieros gamos, sacred marriage, is a six pointed star.One half(prenominal) of the star is made by a V. The other half of the star is a pyramid, a male symbol of power. The Da Vincis The Last Supper could reflect the artists beliefs regarding the importance of Mary in Jesus inner circle that she was the wife of Jesus and also the Holy Grail, a human chalice to contain the saviors blood line (Meera Lester, Mary Magdalene, page 40) 7. Mary Magdalene carrier of the Holy Grail What is the significance of Holy Grail and what is it? These are some of the questions that interest the common man.According to the scholars, the sacred vessel that was used to hold the blood of Jesus while on the cross which was held by Joseph of Arimathea is termed as Holy Grail and another belief is that the sacred vessel that was used by Jesus to drink wine at the Last Supper is also termed as Holy Grail. Holy Grail is curious and is a historical evidence that Jesus did live and die on the cross. Another legend also states that a jar was held at the foot of cross to hold the blood of Jesus on the cross, which was held by Mary Magdalene. Vessel has become sacred because the vessel carried the holy blood of Jesus.(Margaret Starbird, Mary Magdalene Bearer of the Holy Grail) The Holy Grail is a powerful symbol for Christianity for it is a sacred evidence of Jesus blood and chastity it carries to the entire world of christianity. The echoes of Grail promise many truths for Christian believers that precious blood of Jesus who died on the cross for bringing salvation to the entire world that whoever believes in Jesus and confesses sins, such people would be forgiven and are permitted to live a born-again life. Jesus emphasized on life of faith as the prime most important aspect in a Christian life.Why the Holy Grail is carried by Mary Magdalene and why not disciples or why not others? The answe r to this question would be explained as, a story in Southern Coast of France states that Mary Magdalene was the bearer of the sangraal, the French word translated as holy grail as Magdalene was a devoted follower of Jesus and most prominently, the first person who met Jesus on Easter Sunday morning, Mary took note of all the events after the crucifixion of Jesus and silently decided to proclaim the gospel of Christianity which is why, Holy Grail is held as a sacred vessel by Mary Magdalene.In other words, the seed that was preserved by Jesus and Mary Magdalene is known as The Holy Grail which presumably carries mystical powers and also the presence of Christ. Here it can stated that Jesus has chosen Mary Magdalene to be the bearer of Holy Grail, or Mary Magdalene all by self, has consecrated the whole life to preserve the Holy Grail after the wage hike of Jesus.According to the New Testament, all through the Gospels, there are no texts cited about either Holy Grail or about the li fe of Mary Magdalene after the ascension of Jesus. There are no evidences, how old are the gospels written in New Testament whereas going by the each scripture portion, it depicts the sanctity and power of Jesus on earth. Even in the letters written by Apostle Paul, there are no citations or discussion about Mary Magdalene as the bearer of Holy Grail.In the garden of Gethsmane, before the arrest of Jesus while Jesus was praying (John 171-26) (Mark 1435-39, Mat 2636-44). Therefore, historical evidence prove that Mary Magdalene as the bearer of Holy Grail whereas Holy Bible New Testament does not carry or state any scripture in this regard neither by Gospel writers nor essentially by Apostle Paul who has written 22 letters on the gospel of Jesus Christ which indicate that it was St.Paul who has brought a daylight to Christianity. 8. Conclusion Whether a fiction or a fact that is based on Dan Browns The Da Vinci Code, according to the New Testament, Jesus came into the world as Messiah , Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us (Mat 123).The teachings of Jesus especially discourse on the mount Mat 51-19, miracles, parables and teachings are closely relevant to this day and the application and instruction execution of these theories have always given perfect results which is why Christianity is considered to be a fruitful and life self-aggrandizing religion in the world and any contradictory theories to this effect would disappear through the time whereas the teachings of Jesus, the flora of Holy Spirit would continue to lead believers.ReferencesBart D. Ehrman, Peter, Paul, and Mary Magdalene http//books.google. co. in/books? id=WsQpdzzC7oMCdq=Mary+Magdalenepg=PP1ots=FFCegubqjvsource=insig=isSozHQC45SGH8zIgm9Q3UUlMhl=ensa=Xoi=book_resultresnum=11ct=result Meera Lester (2005), Mary Magdalene Accessed 5 December, 2008 http//books. google. co. in/books? id=LIMB rOJ0zGgCpg=PA31lpg=PA31dq=Mary+Magdalene+and+Holy+Grailsource=blots=YJoq3ZwQ4ssig=JKSjW0tdg73-fsxgOVsO-LDoc_shl=ensa=Xoi=book_resultresnum=8ct=result Mary Magdalene and The Holy Grail Accessed 5 December, 2008 http//www. newconnexion. win/article/05-05/mary_magdalene. html